Carlo Brugnara, M.D., is a Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School and Director of the Hematology Laboratory at Boston Children’s Hospital. Dr. Brugnara’s clinical laboratory-based research has focused on the use of hematological parameters to assess the balance between iron availability and erythropoiesis. He has described the appearance of functional iron deficiency in normal subjects treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) based on the particular flow cytometric characteristics of erythrocytes and reticulocytes. Dr. Brugnara also has shown the clinical value of reticulocyte parameters in the setting of r-HuEPO use and in the diagnosis of iron deficiency in children. He is a fellow of the American Society of Clinical Investigation, the Association of American Physicians, and the Academy of Clinical Laboratory Physicians and Scientists, in addition to serving as the Editor-in-Chief of the American Journal of Hematology. He received his M.D. from the University of Verona, Italy, and completed his postdoctoral fellowship at the laboratory of Dr. Daniel Tosteson in the Department of Physiology at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Brugnara also trained in Clinical Pathology and Transfusion Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston and holds board certifications in both specialties.